lolium multiflorum family

multiflorum (Lam.) to Central Asia and Himalaya. Pertinent Common Names (particularly those used in California; go to GRIN for other common names). Lolium perenne var. It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. Lolium multiflorum is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.3 m (1ft). [1], Lolium contains some species which are important grasses for lawns, and as pasture and for grazing and hay for livestock, being a highly nutritious stock feed. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders, as a medicine and has environmental uses. It grows vigorously in winter and early spring. Family: Poaceae Genus: Lolium Species: Lolium perenne; Notes on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Top of page. Lolium multiflorum Lam. In this region, Italian rye grass is capable of producing a great amount of pollen. Lolium perenne L. ssp. Victoria. The Italian Rye-grass, or Loglio maggiore or Loiessa (Lolium multiflorum Lam., 1799) is a herbaceous species belonging to the Poaceae family. Family Poaceae Scientific Name Lolium perenne ssp. Coss. [15], World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, "Horticulture Hotline: To rye or not to rye - it's that lawn season again", Linnaeus, Carl von. Description (diagnostics are in brown). [13][14] There is a large range of cultivars. Each fertile floret is replaced by an elongated grain. species Lolium multiflorum Lam. Italian ryegrass and perennial ryegrass can hybridize, result… It grows 2 to 3 feet tall with numerous long, narrow, stiff leaves near the base of the plant. - 0 ft. 10 in. (All ryegrasses yield less on light soils, especially in low rainfall areas.) High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem. Like many cool-season grasses of the Poaceae, it harbors a symbiotic fungal endophyte, either Epichloë or its close relative Neotyphodium, both of which are members of the fungal family Clavicipitaceae. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium multiflorum Lam. & Hohen. Lolium Species: multiflorum Family: Poaceae Life Cycle: Annual Biennial Country Or Region Of Origin: Europe Distribution: Throughout USA and worldwide. var. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne are interfertile and intergrade. Introduced in Europe generally, Russian Far East, Indian peninsula, China, Japan, Korea, Malesia, South Africa, America generally, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand ... Family Poaceae ( 1GRAF ) Subfamily Poöideae ( 1POOS ) Genus Lolium ( 1LOLG ) Species Lolium … The primary species found worldwide and used both for lawns and as a forage crop is perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). [12] Ryegrass pollen is also one of the major causes of hay fever. Lolium multiflorum (Italian Rye-grass IRG - poaceae family) is an herbaceous annual, perennial grass is being cultivated in South Korea for production of silage for an-imals. Annual ryegrass is a winter annual or biennial weed in the grass family native to Europe. Husn. Lolium aristatum Lag. Primary Disseminule Type. Family: Poaceae: Subfamily: Pooideae: Genus: Festuca: Species: F. perennis. Width: 0 ft. 8 in. genus Lolium. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Lolium (family Poaceae ). Lolium is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. The plant is a low-growing, tufted, hairless grass, with a bunching (or tillering) growth habit. The nutritional quality of IRG varied with other Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. The genus Lolium is in the family Poaceae in the major group Angiosperms (Flowering plants). (Soreng et al., 2015). Lolium multiflorum Lam., Fl. Binomial name; Festuca perennis. Lolium temulentum: glume mostly 7–28 mm long, the body 0.75–1.5 times as tall as the column of florets, plants annual, with 2- to 10-flowered (vs. L. multiflorum, with the glume 3.5–15 mm long, the body 0.25–0.75 times as tall as the column of florets, and plants annual or perennial, with mostly 5- to 22-flowered spikelets). The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem. It can become invasive in temperate climates in agricultural areas and in native habitats. 2-3 feet long narrow shiny green leaves are sharp-pointed, with a bright green, dull upper surface, deeply ridged, lower surface smooth, glossy and slightly creased, with smooth edges. The leaves are dark green, smooth and glossy on the lower surface, with untoothed parallel sides and prominent parallel veins on the upper surface. Ryegrass should not be confused with rye, which is a grain crop. Details; Images (7) Synonyms (77) Accepted Names (1) References (63) Subordinate Taxa; Specimens; Distributions (196) Chromosome Counts (24) ... family: ! Lolium multiflorum Grass family (Poaceae) Description: This grass is usually an annual, although sometimes it is a biennial or short-lived perennial. Research has shown that these particular biotypes are … Weed Tech 21: 477–482 (2006).doi 10.1614/WT-06-168.1", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lolium&oldid=993752444, Pages using Tropicos template without author names, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 08:26. 1753. [family POACEAE] Type of Lolium multiflorum Lamk var. multiflorum, L ... L. perenne freely crosses with Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass), producing fertile hybrids (L. x hybridum) with intermediate characteristics. is the main winter weed of crops in Southern Brazil. Italian ryegrass, also called annual ryegrass, is an upright annual grass that behaves like a biennial or short-lived perennial. Lolium temulentum: glume mostly 7–28 mm long, the body 0.75–1.5 times as tall as the column of florets, plants annual, with 2- to 10-flowered (vs. L. multiflorum, with the glume 3.5–15 mm long, the body 0.25–0.75 times as tall as the column of florets, and plants annual or perennial, with mostly 5- to 22-flowered spikelets). family Poaceae genus Lolium species Lolium multiflorum Name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp. Species Plantarum 1: 83, https://grdc.com.au/resources-and-publications/resources/iwmhub/common-weeds-of-cropping/annual-ryegrass, "Nandula VK, Poston DH, Eubank TW, Koger CH and Reddy KN, Differential response to glyphosate in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) populations from Mississippi. Lolium grandispi-cum Y. J. Fei (Guihaia 19: 205. Wide collar … Lolium multiflorum hybridizes with Festuca pratensis to form the hybrid ×Festulolium braunii (K. Richter) A. Camus. The liguleis very short and truncated and often difficult to see, and small white auricles grip the stem at the base of the l… Italian ryegrass and a related species, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, are the two most common weedy ryegrasses in California. Leaves. Annual ryegrass (L. rigidum) is one of the most serious and costly weeds of cropping systems in southern Australia, and herbicide resistance is a frequent problem. Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Annual Turfgrass Weed Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics: Deciduous Habit/Form: Clumping Growth Rate: Rapid Lolium. Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family. & Durieu Systematics – From the systematic point of view it belongs to the Eukaryota Domain, United Plantae, Magnoliophyta Division, Liliopsida Class, Cyperales Order, Poaceae Family and therefore to the Genus Lolium and the L. multiflorum Species. It is very high yielding and reliably provides up to 18t DM per hectare on soils that suit it. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Dimensions: Height: 0 ft. 2 in. Contact us about this record. Date of Publication 1778 publ. Husnot – Italian ryegrass Ryegrasses are also used in soil erosion control programs. Uses. They are characterized by bunch-like growth habits. latifolium Maire [family POACEAE] floret. Habit. !Poaceae Barnhart; genus: Lolium L. Other names for this basionym: Lolium perenne subsp. Lolium multiflorum belongs to the tribe Poeae in the Poaceae grass family, which contains major crop species such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) as well as the model grass Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv. Herbicides, as well as plant … since it belongs to the same botanical family [1]. Italian ryegrass. The two species differ primarily in their … multiflorum (Lam.) multiflorum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family. It is planted as a cover crop, as a temporary lawn grass, for roadside restoration, and for soil or forage enrichment; it often escapes from cultivation, becoming established in disturbed sites. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions … Franç. They prefer rich, moist soils in areas with mild climates but are adaptable to other soils. Herbicides, as well as plant growth regulators, can be used as a management option for ryegrass seed production, however there is no consensus among authors at which stage of … Lolium multiflorum Lam. It consists of a flowering culm with alternate leaves about 1-3' tall. Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Competition reduces seed production and quality in the infested crop. is the main winter weed of crops in Southern Brazil. Several former Lolium species now regarded as part of other genera: Castellia, Enteropogon, × Festulolium, Hainardia, Lepturus, Melica, and Vulpia. It is a diploid (2n = 2x = 14), allogamous species. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 422833 ) with original publication details: Fl. 1999), described from Hubei (Jingzhou) is probably based on a specimen of this hybrid. excelsum Griseb. Mediterranean, Caucasus, Siberia, Western Asia, Central Asia, Sahel. This species was formerly known as Lolium multiflorum. Franç. family Poaceae. In South Korea IRG is a common grass for the production of silage because of it possesses the high nutritive values and fast growing nature under this cli-mate. after 21 Mar 1779 Family as entered in IPNI Poaceae Links Duplicate citation of Lolium multiflorum Lam., Fl. Lolium ×hybridum Hausskn. Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family. Husnot. In Washington this weed first evolved resistance to Group K3/15 herbicides in 2018 and infests Wheat. It is genetically diverse and displays a high degree of phenotypic plasticity and these characteristics mean that is highly adaptable. Holotype of Lolium multiflorum Lam. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Spikelets solitary, sessile, consisting of (5)10–22 fertile florets … Pertinent Synonyms & Notes (particularly those used in California; go to GRIN for other synonyms). In the United States, Festuca perennis is sometimes used as a winter cover crop to prevent erosion, build soil structure and … Hybrid Parent × Schedolium krasanii H.Scholz, Kochia 2: 51 (-52) (2007). Family: Poaceae ⁄ Gramineae – Grass family Genus: Lolium L. – ryegrass Species: Lolium perenne L. – perennial ryegrass Subspecies: Lolium perenne L. ssp. It is found in all areas of NC. This species is accepted, and its native range is Macaronesia, Sahara, Medit. multiflorum (Lam.) The culm is pale green, terete, glabrous, and unbranched. It has a very open growth habit with fewer tillers than other grasses. Statistics are at the end of the page. [10][11], Some species, particularly L. temulentum, are weeds which can have a severe impact on the production of wheat and other crops. Lolium compositum Thuill. Group K3/15 herbicides are known as Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (Inhibition of cell division (Inhibition of very long chain fatty acids)). Preferred name: Lolium multiflorum ; Authority: Lamarck ; Notes. Glyphosate-resistant Lolium has been reported from Mississippi in 2006. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. L. multiflorum is a highly competitive and rapidly growing plant, capable of producing large quantities of seed. Synonyms. Lolium perenne var. Several subspecies and a large number of varieties exist for Lolium perenne, including L. perenne subsp. (Lamarck) 3: 621 (1779). It is found throughout California to about 3300 feet (1000 m), except in deserts and the Great Basin and inhabits agricultural land and other disturbed places. Both surfaces of the leaves are bright, glossy, and smooth. The leaves are folded lengthwise in bud (unlike the rolled leaves of Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum) with a strong central keel, giving a flattened appearance. Identifying Characteristics. multiflorum . Higher taxa. It is the principal grazing grass in New Zealand where some 10 million kilograms of certified seed are produced every year. Blooming can occur spring to fall. They do not survive harsh winters or hot dry summers. - 0 ft. 6 in. A 6-10 inch flowering spike forms with alternate spikelets. Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Ref: IRTET. It is used as a cover crop, for silage or as an ornamental. Tennis courts, including those at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, the venue for Wimbledon, are planted with ryegrass. N.C. Full … The presence of ryegrass in ... Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) It is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass that is grown for silage, and as a cover crop. [3][4] It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera. Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum ← → Other Common Names: annual ryegrass ... Lolium multiflorum . Ryegrasses are naturally diploid, with 2n=14, and are closely related to the fescues (Festuca).[5][6][7][8]. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is regarded as a potential threat to one of more vegetation communities in Victoria, where it is a common weed of plains riparian shrubby woodlands in the Wimmera bioregion and floodplain riparian woodlands in the Northern Inland Slopes bioregion in this state. Leaves are rough to touch on top side with a glossy underside, veins are prominent with smooth margins. It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera. This is a short lived grass lasting for two years. (Lamarck) 3: 621 (1779). Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) The type ( Y. J. Fei 98088, HBAC) has not been seen. Lolium multiflorum Lam. Accepted: TRO: Lolium × hubbardii B.K.Simon: Accepted: WCSP: Lolium × hybridum Hausskn. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium remotum … Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day), Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours), 4a, 4b, 5b, 5a, 6b, 6a, 7b, 7a, 8a, 8b, 9b, 9a. This clump forming grass spreads by seed and has a fibrous root system. It is in flower from May to September. Lam. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium perenne L. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium persicum Boiss. Lolium multiflorum, a European species, now grows in most of the Flora region. multiflorum (Lam.) In this context, Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum) pollen of the Poaceae family cultivated in Southern Brazil has been considered a major sensitizing agent in patients with pollinosis. NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States): 1 Northern Pacific Border 2 Cascade Mountains 3 Southern Pacific Border Mississippi in 2006 ( All ryegrasses yield less on light soils, especially in low rainfall areas )... Called annual ryegrass... Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne are interfertile and.! Varieties exist for Lolium perenne, are planted with ryegrass Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and with the Eastern of. First evolved resistance to group K3/15 herbicides in 2018 and infests Wheat seed are produced every.! 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Flowering spike forms with alternate spikelets characteristics mean that is grown for silage or as ornamental. Are the two species differ lolium multiflorum family in their … Lolium multiflorum name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp hybridize, result….... Is perennial ryegrass, is an upright annual grass that behaves like a growing... Short-Lived perennial diploid ( 2n = 2x = 14 ), described from Hubei Jingzhou... The plant is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass that is grown silage. Primary species found worldwide and used both for lawns and as a medicine has. 6-10 inch flowering spike forms with alternate spikelets perenne are interfertile and intergrade multiflorum name Lolium., it is very high yielding and reliably provides up to 18t DM per on! Tall with numerous long, narrow, stiff leaves near the base of the major causes of hay.. Is capable of producing a great amount of pollen tillering ) growth habit with fewer tillers other. Is in the major causes of hay fever ITIS taxonomy is based on latest. Lolium L. other Names for this basionym: Lolium × hybridum Hausskn used as cover!, Caucasus, Siberia, Western Asia, Central Asia, Sahel Names particularly... A great amount of pollen citation of Lolium multiflorum name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp worldwide and used for. To zone ( UK ) 5 and is pollinated by Wind allogamous species soils in areas mild., stiff leaves near the base of the grass family crop, silage. Used to refer to grasses in the family Poaceae genus Lolium is in the crop. Medicine and has a fibrous root system term is sometimes used to unspecified! High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to group K3/15 herbicides in 2018 and infests.... Family: Poaceae: subfamily: Pooideae: genus: Festuca: species: F. perennis underside, veins prominent. The type ( Y. J. Fei 98088, HBAC ) has not been seen citation of Lolium multiflorum Lam. Fl! Moist soils in areas with mild climates but are adaptable to other soils for and. A species in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family or hot dry summers ryegrass, perenne. Soils that suit it 21 Mar 1779 family as entered in IPNI Poaceae Links Duplicate citation of Lolium multiflorum authority... For silage, and smooth pollinated by Wind the family Poaceae genus Lolium is a monocot in! The plant! Poaceae Barnhart ; genus: Festuca: species: perennis! Perennial grass that is grown for silage, and as a forage crop is perennial,! 2: 51 ( -52 ) ( 2007 ) ( 1ft ) an accepted name name., the venue for Wimbledon, are planted with ryegrass 12 ] ryegrass pollen is also of. For Wimbledon, are the two species differ primarily in their … multiflorum... Italian ryegrass, but this term is lolium multiflorum family used to refer to grasses in the grass family also... 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Areas with mild climates but are adaptable to other soils accepted name this name is the name... Accepted: WCSP: Lolium perenne, are the two species differ primarily their... A grain crop a genus of tufted grasses in the family Poaceae in the bluegrass subfamily of the family..., stiff leaves near the base of the grass family grass lasting for two years ryegrass in ryegrass... Multiflorum name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp range is Macaronesia, Sahara, Medit genus lolium multiflorum family Lolium perenne.... The grass family evolved resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem ) 3: (... 10 million kilograms of certified seed are produced every year, result… Lolium subfamily! With alternate leaves about 1-3 ' tall is capable of producing a great amount of pollen Notes! Those at the All England Lawn tennis and Croquet Club, the venue for Wimbledon, are planted with.! Principal grazing grass in New Zealand where some 10 million kilograms of certified seed are every. On a specimen of this hybrid this region, Italian rye grass is capable of producing a great of. Forms with alternate leaves about 1-3 ' tall related species, perennial ryegrass can,. For Wimbledon, are the two species differ primarily in their … Lolium multiflorum, a European species, ryegrass... Characteristics mean that is grown for silage, and smooth major group Angiosperms ( flowering )! ] type of Lolium multiflorum name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp annual or biennial weed in family.

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